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Traditional web app overview

In Web2, the architecture of a web application can be broadly categorized into three layers:

Frontend​

  • This is the user interface, the part of the application users interact with directly.
  • It's primarily crafted using languages like HTML, CSS, and JavaScript.
  • Frameworks such as React, Angular, and Vue.js have become popular for developing more dynamic and responsive applications.

Backend​

  • Acts as the brains of the application, processing user requests, performing operations, and returning the desired data.
  • Commonly used languages and frameworks include Node.js, Python (Django, Flask, etc.), Ruby on Rails, and Java.
  • The backend also manages authentication, ensuring data security and integrity.

Database​

  • This is where the application's data is stored, retrieved, and manipulated.
  • Solutions range from relational databases like MySQL, PostgreSQL, and Oracle to NoSQL databases like MongoDB, CouchDB, and Cassandra.

These layers interact with each other, ensuring a smooth and efficient user experience. Next, we examine how the frontend, backend, and database evolve when we move to Web3 and the Chromia stack.